Dos hembras de Cóndor concibieron sin reproducirse con un macho
Se trata de dos casos de partenogénesis, un fenómeno natural en donde las hembras desarrollan un embrión sin emplear espermatozoides. El hallazgo podría ser fundamental para la preservación de la especie.
Científicos de la Zoo Wildlife Alliance de San Diego, Estados Unidos, anunciaron que dos hembras de Cóndor en cautiverio tuvieron una cría cada una sin haberse apareado con un macho -partenogénesis-. Es la primera vez que se documenta un fenómeno de este tipo en la especie, aunque ya se registran casos en otras especies de aves.
El hallazgo podría tener repercusiones en torno a la genética de estas aves, cuya existencia se ha visto amenazada en los últimos años a lo largo de todo el continente americano. Los investigadores de la Zoo Wildlife Alliance consideran que podría tener efectos positivos para la preservación de los cóndores.
¿Qué es la partenogénesis?
Es un fenómeno de reproducción asexual natural, donde un embrión se desarrolla en las hembras sin ser fertilizado por espermatozoides. Las crías que nacen solamente contienen material genético de las madres. Cuando los investigadores fueron a realizar muestras genéticas rutinarias de las aves, encontraron que las crías no poseían genética de ninguno de los machos que se encuentran en cautiverio.
Oliver Ryder, director de Genética de Conservación en la San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, explicó que no buscaban evidencias de partenogénesis: el hallazgo fue toda una sorpresa para los investigadores. «Nuestros resultados mostraron que ambos huevos poseían los cromosomas sexuales masculinos ZZ esperados, pero todos los marcadores solo se heredaron de sus madres, lo que verifica nuestros hallazgos», cerró el coautor del estudio.
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